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四川师范类院校成人高考英语语法归纳及练习(六)

形容词和副词(二)

  内 容 提 要——形容词与副词比较级和最高级的基本用法

  一、原级比较的基本用法

  1. 原级比较由“as+形容词或副词(或再加名词或短语)+as ”构成“原级相同”比较句,表示两者比较;其否定式,即“程度不及”比较句型为“not so(as) +形容词或副词+as”,而且as…as结构前可用just, almost, nearly, quite等表示程度的词修饰

  2. “as (so)+名词+as+名词”进行名词比较,这时一般情况下有一个表示原级的比较词,但如果第一名词前出现了形容词修饰该词或出现副词修饰谓语,应当用so而不用as

  二、比较级

  1. 比较级由“形容词(副词)比较级+than+…,”构成表示在两者中间一方比另一方“更加…”。连词than后可接句子,也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、动词、动词不定式、ING结构和ED结构,有时也可省去than.

  2. 注意than前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致

  三、最高级

  1. 最高级用于三者以上比较,形容词的结构形式是“定冠词+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句”(如all, of all, of the tree, in the world, that has ever taken place等)

  2. 副词的最高级与形容词最高级的区别在于最高级前没有定冠词the

  四、同步练习

  1) Walking briskly for thirty minutes will burn as many calories as    .

  [A] to run for fifteen minutes

  [B] running for fifteen minutes

  [C] you run for fifteen minutes

  [D] fifteenminute walking

  解析:B为正确答案。

  2) The gorilla(大猩猩), while [A] not quite as curious than [B] the chimpanzee(黑猩猩), shows more persistence [C] and memory retention(记忆力) in solving [D] a problem.

  解析:B错。改为 as ,和前面的as和形容词原形curious 一起构成同程度比较。

  3) Alaska is twice [A] as larger [B] as [C] the next largest [D] state, Texas.

  解析:B错。 改为as large.

  4) Thomas Jefferson’s achievements as an architect rival his contributions    a politician.

  [A] such  [B] more  [C] as  [D] than

  解析:C对。动词rival(胜过、匹敌)前后是两个相比较的成分achievements(成果)和 contributions(贡献),由于前面的名词后出现了短语 as an architect,故空白处也应用as,使前后对比成分一致。

  5) I should say Henry is not much a writer as a reporter.

  [A] that  [B] so  [C] this  [D] as

  解析:B为正确答案。

  6) Natural mica(云母) of [A] a superior [B] quality is cheapest [C] to obtain than synthetic [D] mica.

  解析:C错。应改为比较级cheaper.比较级后并不一定跟接连词than,有时在其间有名词或名词短语(被形容词所修饰),介词短语,不定式或其他成分隔开。

  7) She is older than .

  [A] any other girl in the group  [B] any girl in the group

  [C] all girls in the group     [D] you and me as well as the group

  解析:A为正确答案。“She”作为单个不能跟全组比(C和D不对),也不能跟全组所有相比,因为“她”也是其中一员,自然“她”不能跟自己相比。这里“She”比较的是“这组中的任何一个”,所以A对。

  8) Josephine McCrackin joined [A] the “Santa Cruz Sentinel” in 1905 and, until her death fifteen years late [B] , remained [C] active in journalistic [D] work.

  解析:B错。应改为比较级later,因此处实为与1905年相比晚15年,故应使用比较级。

  9) The purpose of the research had a more important meaning for them than   .

  [A] ours   [B] with us   [C] for ours it had   [D] it did for us

  解析:D为正确答案。

  10) Sound travels   air.

  [A] faster through water than through [B] faster than through water and

  [C] through water faster and[D] where it is faster through water than through

  解析:A为正确答案。

  11) Gerbrand von den Feckhout, one of Rembrand’s pupils, followed [A] the style of his teacher so implicitly that [B] his paintings [C] are sometimes confused with his master [D] .

  解析:D错。 改为his master’s.

  12) The more [A] fearsome of all the [B] animals in [C] the Western [D] Hemisphere is the grizzly bear.

  解析:A错。 改为most.

  13) Of all economic [A] problems, inflation continues to be [B] a [C] most significant in its daily impact on [D] people and business.

  解析:C错。改为the, significant是多音节形容词,在此处应用最高级形式(在前面加 the most),注意句中的“of all… ”。

  14)     ,the most familiar to general public is the criminal jurisdiction.

  [A] All the activities  [B] The activities

  [C] Of all the activities   [D] It is the activities

  解析:C为正确答案。本句空白处缺状语,A和B全为名词短语,不符合条件;D为句子,和空白后面的句子没有任何联系,故亦应排除。只有C正确,和后面的最高级the most familiar前后呼应。

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